The 2-Minute Rule for CLBO Crystal
The 2-Minute Rule for CLBO Crystal
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However, so as to process the crystal is rather Superior production procedures are needed. Because the dawn of this crystal, focusing on this problem, we are now the one company on this planet that can be processed In this particular crystal.
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The standard electric power from the NIR laser nonetheless has the potential being improved to tens of watts such as 70 W [26] if the double-move configuration might be used for your Yb:YAG SCF amplifier phase. Consequently, In case the conversion effectiveness of 31% from NIR to DUV could possibly be nonetheless managed at this higher energy situation, the standard output electricity of your DUV laser at 258 nm can be in excess of 20 W, which would be described as a remarkable power amount for the DUV laser and result in the unanticipated DUV laser machining final results. Additionally, for top-ability DUV laser, the UV damage of the nonlinear crystal, such as the windows for CLBO crystal and also the mirrors, is another important parameter for long term and secure Procedure.
On the flip side, the beam high quality of the bigger electrical power DUV laser would come to be worse on account of much more severe thermal and nonlinear consequences. Hence, the frequency conversion processes must be thoroughly designed to mitigate the aforementioned effects. Hence, a substantial-electric power DUV laser within the FHG of one μm with a fantastic beam high-quality might be acquired and will be beneficial for getting the shorter wavelength DUV lasers which include 193 nm by SFG.
As a result of thermal lens effect during the stable-point out lasers, When the heating administration is insufficient, it is not uncomplicated to obtain the stable-point out laser by using a high electricity and a substantial beam quality concurrently. Recently, with the development of The skinny disk laser and one-crystal fiber (SCF) laser, a large-ability laser at the fundamental wavelength (1 μm) were realized with an excellent beam excellent Despite having a TEM00 manner beam [four,24], which might be great candidates for the basic on the DUV laser technology. A further prospect for the elemental could be the superior-ability fiber laser which may be attained by coherent beam mixture with M2 value less than one.
On the opposite facet, the facility scaling with the NIR laser is an additional element to increase the ordinary electric power in the 193-nm DUV laser. Because of the deficiency of the higher-ability amplification Remedy of the NIR laser (one example is at 1553 nm), nonlinear frequency processes for example optical parameter oscillation (OPO) might be placed on build a wavelength converter by shifting the wavelength from 1 μm to the desired wavelength and obtaining relative increased ability [21]. Recently, a diamond Raman laser showed its capacity in accomplishing a high energy plus a significant conversion efficiency on the 1st Stokes on the 1-μm laser [22,23], which suggests the likelihood to get utilized inside the 193-nm DUV laser era because of its high Raman attain and enormous frequency shift.
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Cesium Lithium Borate (CsLiB6O10 or CLBO) is the best non-linear crystal which generates ultraviolet harmonics from the Nd:YAG fundamental laser wavelength. So that you can enrich the hurt threshold, minimal CLBO area roughness, by ultra-precision machining, is necessary. Since the CLBO crystal has simple hydroscopic response and micro scratches in machining, extremely-exact machining of your CLBO crystal can be a tough complex problem.
The beam profile shown in Figure 7b demonstrated a great beam top quality as CLBO Crystal one of many merits of Raman laser, which would be useful to make a 193-nm DUV laser with a high quality beam.
Its UV absorption edge reaches one hundred eighty nm. The efficient nonlinear optical coefficient of CLBO for frequency doubling at 1064nm is about 2 times as big as that of KDP. CLBO crystals is usually grown within the stoichiometric melt with decreased viscosity.
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